Previous Chapter: 3 Pathogen Evolution
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
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Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
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Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
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Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 161
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
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Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
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Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 164
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 165
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 166
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 167
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 168
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 169
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 170
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 171
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 172
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 173
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 174
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 175
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 176
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 177
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 178
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 179
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 180
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 181
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 182
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 183
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 184
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 185
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 186
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 187
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 188
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 189
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 190
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
Page 191
Suggested Citation: "4 Antibiotic Resistance: Origins and Countermeasures." Institute of Medicine. 2009. Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation: A Tribute to the Life and Scientific Legacies of Joshua Lederberg: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12586.
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Next Chapter: 5 Infectious Disease Emergence: Past, Present, and Future
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