| 2D | two-dimensional |
| 3D | three-dimensional |
| AFC | Army Futures Command |
| AFOSR | Air Force Office of Scientific Research |
| AFRL | Air Force Research Laboratory |
| AMP | atomic and molecular physics |
| AMRDEC | U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center |
| ARL | Army Research Laboratory |
| ARLTAB | Army Research Laboratory Technical Assessment Board |
| ARO | Army Research Office |
| BRAIN | Brain Research Through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies |
| CCDC | Combat Capabilities Development Command |
| CERDEC | U.S. Army Communications-Electronics Research, Development, and Engineering Center |
| CFD | computational fluid dynamics |
| CMP | condensed matter physics |
| CMU | Carnegie Mellon University |
| CRISPR | clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats |
| CRT | confined rapid thermolysis |
| CTA | Collaborative Technology Alliance |
| DARPA | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency |
| DEM | digital elevation model |
| DoD | Department of Defense |
| DOE | Department of Energy |
| DURIP | Defense University Research Instrumentation Program |
| ENZ | epsilon near zero |
| ERP | Essential Research Program |
| ESD | Engineering Sciences Directorate |
| fMRI | functional magnetic resonance imaging |
| FY | fiscal year |
| GPS | global positioning system |
| IARPA | Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity |
| IR | infrared |
| ISD | Information Sciences Directorate |
| JILA | Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics |
| LAB | Laboratory Assessments Board |
| LANL | Los Alamos National Laboratory |
| LBNL | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory |
| LWIR | long-wavelength infrared |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| MTO | Microsystems Technology Office |
| MURI | Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative |
| MWIR | medium-wavelength infrared |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health |
| NISQ | noisy intermediate-scale quantum |
| NRL | Naval Research Laboratory |
| NSF | National Science Foundation |
| ONR | Office of Naval Research |
| PECASE | Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers |
| PI | principal investigator |
| PM | program manager |
| PNT | position, navigation, and timing |
| PSD | Physical Sciences Directorate |
| PVE | poly(vinyl ether) |
| R&D | research and development |
| RF | radio frequency |
| RI | research instrumentation |
| RRC | Report Review Committee |
| S&P | synthesis and processing |
| S&T | science and technology |
| SBIR | Small Business Innovation Research |
| SEDD | Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate |
| SI | single investigator |
| STIR | Short-Term Innovative Research |
| STTR | Small Business Technology Transfer |
| SUSY | supersymmetric |
| T2SL | Type-II Superlattice |
| TARDEC | U.S. Army Tank Automotive Research, Development, and Engineering Center |
| tBLG | twisted bilayer graphene |
| TRADOC | U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command |
| UV | ultraviolet |
| YIP | Young Investigator Program |